Climate Change and Deep Vein Thrombosis: Emerging Risks and Mechanisms

Abstract

Climate change is emerging as a significant driver of cardiovascular and hematologic complications, including deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Rising global temperatures, extreme weather events, and climate-induced environmental stressors contribute to increased thrombotic risk through mechanisms such as hemoconcentration, dehydration, immobilization, systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and stress-induced hypercoagulability. Vulnerable populations—including the elderly, pregnant women, patients with cardiovascular or hematologic disorders, and displaced individuals—are particularly susceptible to post-disaster or climate-related thrombotic events. Early identification using hematologic, coagulation, and inflammatory biomarkers, combined with preventive strategies such as hydration, mobilization, pharmacologic prophylaxis, and public health interventions, can reduce morbidity and mortality. This narrative review synthesizes current evidence on emerging climate-related thrombotic risks, elucidates underlying mechanisms, and provides insights for monitoring, prevention, and adaptive strategies. Understanding these links is critical for clinical management, disaster preparedness, and public health planning in an increasingly climate-sensitive world