Green Procurement Practices and Survivability of Selected Manufacturing Firms in Makurdi, Benue State

Abstract

This study examined the effect of green procurement practices on survivability of selected manufacturing firms in Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria. Specifically, the study examined the effect of green supplier selection, green reverse logistics, green packaging, and eco-design on firm survivability. A correlational research design was adopted, targeting management and procurement-related staff across 3 manufacturing firms in Makurdi. The study population comprised 194 respondents, of which 172 valid responses were retrieved, representing an 88.7% response rate. Data were collected through structured questionnaire and analyzed using multiple regression analysis with SPSS version 26. Diagnostic tests, including the Shapiro–Wilk test for normality and Variance Inflation Factor (VIF) and Tolerance tests for multicollinearity, were conducted to ensure the robustness of the regression model. The findings revealed that all four green procurement practices positively and significantly affect firm survivability. Green supplier selection significantly affected survivability (β = 0.309, t = 4.77, p = 0.000), green reverse logistics was significant (β = 0.206, t = 3.25, p = 0.001), green packaging had the strongest effect (β = 0.334, t = 4.82, p = 0.000), and eco-design also significantly affected survivability (β = 0.248, t = 3.95, p = 0.000). The study concluded that green procurement is not merely a compliance measure but a strategic lever for ensuring long-term firm survivability. It recommended that manufacturing firms in Makurdi prioritize high-impact practices such as green packaging and green supplier selection, while further strengthening eco-design and reverse logistics initiatives to reinforce sustainable operations.