Phytoprotective Effects of Isolongifolene Nanoparticles (ICN-K04) against Benzo (a) pyrene - Induced Lung Cancer in Sprague Dawley Rats

Abstract

Benzo (a) pyrene (B(a)P) is a potent chemical carcinogen associated with lung carcinogenesis and cellular damage. The current research has demonstrated the effects of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), Chitosan Nanoparticles, Isolongifolene and ICN-K04. Animals were divided into Six groups: Control, B(a)P, B(a)P + 5-FU, Chitosan nanoparticles, Isolongifolene and ICN-K04. Body weight, Tumor incidence, Lung weight and Pulmonary ultrastructure were assessed. B(a)P-treated animals showed progressive body weight loss and 100% tumor incidence. Tumor incidence decreased to 37.5%, 75%, 25%, and 0% following 5-FU, chitosan nanoparticles, isolongifolene, and ICN-K04 treatment, respectively. Lung weight was significantly reduced in the 5-FU- and ICN-K04-treated groups. TEM analysis showed lipid accumulation, nuclear abnormalities, and mitochondrial swelling in B (a)P-treated animals. Isolongifolene and ICN-K04 treatment showed comparatively preserved cellular ultrastructure and reduced lipid accumulation. Overall, isolongifolene and ICN-K04 showed protective effects against B(a)P-induced lung carcinogenesis under the experimental conditions.